Sub-Euxinian mixed [Quercus] - [Carpinus betulus] forests

Mixed forests of inner slopes of the Pontic Range generally in conditions of lower humidity and temperature than those of the Euxinian mixed forests of unit 41.H1, rich in species of [Quercus] and usually accompanied by [Carpinus betulus] or [Carpinus orientalis], sometimes with conifers. Characteristic species include [Quercus dshorochensis], [Quercus syspirensis], [Quercus anatolica], [Quercus iberica], [Quercus macranthera], [Acer cappadocium], [Fagus orientalis], [Abies bornmuelleriana].