Carpathian subalpine mountain pine scrub

[Pinus mugo] brushes forming an extensive belt in the upper subalpine zone of the higher mountains of the northwestern, eastern and southeastern Carpathians with [Vaccinium myrtillus], [Ribes petraeum var. carpaticum], [Sorbus aucuparia var. glabrata], [Rosa pendulina], [Homogyne alpina], [Soldanella hungarica ssp. major] in siliceous stations, with tall herbs in calcareous ones. The southeastern Carpathian formations, particularly those of the Apuseni Mountains, harbour the regional endemic [Campanula patula ssp. abietina] ([Campanula abietina]).