Boreo-alpine and arctic heaths

Alpine and high-montane heaths of the highlands and islands of Scotland and, very locally, of the Lake District and of Ireland, alpine and lowland boreal heaths of Iceland, alpine heaths of boreal mountains, in particular of the mountains of Scandinavia, of the Urals, of the mountains of Siberia, alpine heaths of Far Eastern mountains at, or just south of, the limits of the boreal zone, with [Juniperus nana], [Loiseleuria procumbens], [Empetrum hermaphroditum], [Arctostaphylos alpinus], [Phyllodoce caerulea], [Betula nana] and elements of alpine flora.